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Monica Wichfeld
Monica Emily Wichfeld (née ''Massy-Beresford''; July 12, 1894 – Feb. 27, 1945) was a leading member of the Danish resistance during the German occupation of Denmark in the Second World War.
==Early life==
Wichfeld was born in London and raised in St. Hubert's in County Fermenagh, Northern Ireland. She was the daughter of an aristocratic Anglo-Irish family including John George Beresford Massy-Beresford and Hon. Alice Elizabeth Mulholland, and was granddaughter of John Mulholland, 1st Baron Dunleath of Ballywalter, County Down. She was involved in the Northern Irish unionist militia Ulster Volunteers during the Home Rule Crisis, and participated in the distribution of firearms associated with the 1914 SS Clyde Valley Larne gun-running operation led by Major Frederick H. Crawford. Wichfeld's favorite brother, Lieutenant John Clarina Massy-Beresford served with the Royal Field Artillery in World War I and was killed in action in 1918 at the age of 21. After this event, Wichfeld was reported to have harboured a personal hatred of the Germans.
On June 15, 1916, she married Danish aristocrat and diplomat Jørgen Adalbert Wichfeld, the Secretary of the Danish Legion to London. Wichfeld and her husband moved to his Engestofte Estate in Maribo Denmark, where she became a Danish citizen and had three children: Ivan (1919), Varinka (1920) and Viggo (1922). During this time, she became friends and lovers with Kurt Heinrich Eberhard Erdmann Georg von Haugwitz-Hardenberg-Reventlow who lived in neighbouring Hardenburg Castle. The relationship with Reventlow would continue for nine years. Jørgen Wichfield was aware of the relationship and unconcerned with it, naming Reventlow as Varinka's godfather. When the relationship ended, Reventlow went on to marry Barbara Hutton.
The 1920s Danish tax reforms created a decline in the family's financial status, and the Wichfelds moved to Campo dei Fiori, a house owned by Wichfeld's mother in Rapallo on the Italian Riviera. Wichfeld travelled widely in Europe during this time and socialized with many notable people of the era, including Noël Coward, Clementine Churchill and Tallulah Bankhead. As The Great Depression came to Europe, the family fell further in decline, and Wichfeld took matters into her own hands. She moved alone to Paris to develop a custom line of beauty products, including a Coco Channel-based essence, a fingernail protectant called No-Crax, as well as a profitable line of jewellery which reinvigorated the family's financial standing.
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